ÏëÏóһϣ¬ÔÚÒ»×ù¹ÅÔÏÓÆ³¤µÄ¶¼»á£¬¾²Ú×µÄÔ°ÁÖÓëÏÖ´úµÄ¿Æ¼¼½»Ö¯£¬È´ÔÚij¸ö²»¾ÒâµÄ?½ÇÂ䣬ÉÁׯ×ÅÒ»ÖÖÄÑÒÔÑÔÓ÷µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏß¡£Õâ¹âÏߣ¬²¢·ÇÀ´×ÔÍíϼµÄÓàêÍ£¬Ò²·Ç»¨°ê?µÄ½¿ÄÛ£¬¶øÊÇÔ´×ÔÒ»ÖÖÉñÃØµÄÎïÖÊ¡ª¡ª·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ËÕÖÝ£¬Õâ×ù³äÂú¶«·½÷ÈÁ¦µÄ¶¼»á£¬ÕýÇÄÈ»³ÉΪ̽Ë÷ÕâÀàÆæÒì¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄÈÈÍÁ¡£
ΪºÎÊÇ·ÛÉ«£¿Õâ¸öÎÊÌâ×Ô¼º¾Í³äÂúÁËÊ«Òâ¡£ÔÚÉ«²ÊÐÄÀíѧÖУ¬·ÛÉ«¾³£ÓëÎÂÈá¡¢ÀËÂþ¡¢´¿´âºÍÏ£ÍûÁªÏµÔÚÒ»Æð£¬ËüÄÜ¿íοÐÄÁ飬´øÀ´Æ½ºÍÓëϲÔᣵ±?ÕâÖÖÉ«²Ê?Óë¾§ÌåÕâÒ»ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§½ç´ú±í×ÅÖÈÐò¡¢ÎȹÌÓëÁ¦Á¿µÄÎïÖʽáÊÊʱ£¬±ãµ®?ÉúÁËÒ»ÖÖ¼ÈÓпÆÑ§ÑϽ÷ÐÔ£¬ÓÖ²»Ê§ÈËÎľì×¢µÄÆæÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£
·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬¹ËÃû˼Ò壬ÊÇÖ¸ÄÇЩ·ºÆð³ö·ÛÉ«µ÷µÄ¾§ÌåÎïÖÊ¡£ËüÃǵÄÑÕÉ«²¢·Ç¼òµ¥£¬¶øÊÇ¿ÉÄܰüÀ¨´Ó?ÇåÑŵÄÓ£»¨·Û£¬µ½ÈÈÇéµÄõºì£¬ÉõÖÁÊÇÂÔ´ø×ϵ÷µÄź·Û£¬Ã¿Ò»ÖÖ·ÛÉ«¶¼Ëß˵×Ųî±ðµÄ¹ÊÊ¡£
ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä³ÉÒòºÍ½á¹¹ÊÇÔõÑùµÄÄØ£¿Õâ¼´ÊÇËÕÖݾ§Ìå̽Ë÷Ö®ÂõĽ¹µãËùÔÚ¡£ÎÒÃÇËù˵µÄ¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬Ö¸µÄÊÇ×é³É¾§ÌåµÄ?Ô×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬Æ¾Ö¤Ò»¶¨µÄ¼ÍÂÉ¡¢ÒÔÖØ¸´µÄµ¥Î»ÅÅÁжøÐγɵÄ?ÓÐÐò½á¹¹¡£ÕâÖÖÓÐÐòÐÔ¸¶ÓëÁ˾§Ì寿ÒìµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔ×Ó£¬ºÃ±È¹æÔòµÄÐÎ×´¡¢¹âÑ§ÌØÕ÷¡¢µ¼?µçÐԵȵȡ£
¶ø·ÛÉ«£¬ÍùÍùÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÖвôÔÓÁË΢Á¿µÄÌØ¶¨ÔªËØ£¬»òÊÇ×ÔÉíÔªËØµÄ¼Û̬ת±ä£¬µ¼ÖÂÁ˾§ÌåÔÚÎüÊպͷ´ÉäÌØ¶¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âʱ£¬·ºÆð³öÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄ·ÛÉ«¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩÑõ»¯Îï¾§ÌåÖУ¬Î¢Á¿µÄÃÌÀë×Ó£¨Mn??£©»òîÜÀë×Ó£¨Co??£©µÄÒýÈ룬¾Í¿ÉÄÜʹÆä³Ê?ÏÖ³öÃÔÈ˵ķÛÉ«¡£
ËÕÖÝ£¬Ö®ÒÔÊdzÉΪ̽Ë÷µÄ½¹µã£¬²¢·ÇÎÞÒâ¡£Õâ×ù¶¼»áÓµÓÐÉîÖ¿µÄ¿Æ¼¼Ñз¢»ù´¡ºÍÒ»ÅúÔÚÖÊÁÏ¿ÆÑ§ÁìÓòÆÄ¾ß½¨Ê÷µÄÑо¿»ú¹¹¡£´Ó¹Å°åµÄË¿³ñ¡¢ÌÕ´É£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄ°ëµ¼Ìå¡¢ÐÂÄÜÔ´ÖÊÁÏ£¬ËÕÖÝʼÖÕ×ßÔÚÁ¢ÒìµÄÇ°ÑØ¡£¶ø¹ØÓÚÐÂÐ;§ÌåÖÊÁϵÄ̽Ë÷£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÄÇЩ¾ßÓÐDZÔÚÓ¦ÓüÛÖµºÍÆæÒìÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ¾§Ì壬¸üÊÇÎüÒýÁËÖÚ¶à¿ÆÑÐÖ°Ô±ºÍÆóÒµ¼ÒµÄÑ۹⡣
ÔÚÕâÀÄã¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÊµÑéÊÒÀï¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÑϽ÷µÄʵÑéÀú³Ì£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚһЩÒÕÊõÕ¹ÀÀ»òÖ÷Ìâ¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÔÞ̾ÓÚÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåËùÕ¹ÏÖ³öµÄÕðº³ÃÀ¸Ð¡£
ÎÒÃǽ«ÔÚËÕÖݵÄÕⳡ·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå̽Ë÷Ö®ÂÃÖУ¬·¢Ã÷Ð©Ê²Ã´ÄØ£¿ÎÒÃǽ«ÉîÈëÏàʶ¼¸ÖÖ¾ßÓдú±íÐԵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£Õâ¿ÉÄܰüÀ¨µ«²»ÏÞÓÚ£º
·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯ÀྦྷÌ壺ÈçijЩÖÖÀàµÄ±Ìçô¡¢ºì±¦Ê¯£¨ËäÈ»¾µäºì±¦Ê¯ÊǺìÉ«£¬µ«Ò²ÓÐһЩ³Ê·ÛÉ«µÄÆ·ÖÖ£©¡¢Ç¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢£¨RoseQuartz£©µÈ¡£ËüÃǵÄ?ƯÁÁÔÚÓÚ×ÔÈ»µÄÉ«²ÊºÍϸÄåµÄÄÚ²¿½á¹¹£¬³£±»ÓÃÓÚÖ鱦ºÍ×°ÊÎÆ·¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½ÌÖËüÃǵĿóÎïÑ§ÌØÕ÷¡¢ÐγÉ?ÇéÐÎÒÔ¼°¹âѧÕ÷Ï󣬺ñÈèÑÛЧӦ»òÐǹâЧӦ¡£
ÈËÔì·ÛÉ«¹¦Ð§¾§Ìå£ºËæ×ſƼ¼µÄÉú³¤£¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÄܹ»Í¨¹ý׼ȷ¿ØÖÆ»¯Ñ§×é·ÖºÍÉú³¤Ìõ¼þ£¬ÔÚʵÑéÊÒÖд´?Ôì³ö¾ßÓÐÌØ¶¨¹¦Ð§µÄ·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ²ôÔÓÁËÏ¡ÍÁÔªËØµÄÑõ»¯Îï»ò·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÔÚ¼¤¹â¡¢·¢¹âÖÊÁÏ¡¢·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧµÈÁìÓòÓÐÓ¦ÓÃDZÁ¦¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½ÌÖÕâЩ¾§ÌåÊÇÔõÑù±»¡°Éè¼Æ¡±³öÀ´µÄ£¬ÒÔ¼°ËüÃÇÔÚÏÖ´ú¿Æ¼¼ÖеÄ?ÊÎÑݵĽÇÉ«¡£
ÉúÎï»ò·ÂÉú·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壺ÔÚ×ÔÈ»½çÖУ¬Ò²ÓÐһЩÉúÎïÌåÄܹ»±¬·¢·ÛÉ«µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÀýÈçijЩ±´¿ÇµÄÄÚ²ã½á¹¹£¬ËäÈ»²»ÍêÈ«ÊÇÑÏ¿áÒâÒåÉϵľ§Ì壬µ«ÆäÓÐÐòÅÅÁеÄÎÄʯ»ò·½½âʯ΢¾§¸¶ÓëÁËËüÃÇÕäÖé°ãµÄ¹âÔóºÍÉ«²Ê¡£ËäÈ»Õâ²»ÊÇËÕÖÝ̽Ë÷µÄÖØµã£¬µ«?ËüÍØÕ¹ÁËÎÒÃǶԡ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ì塱¿´·¨µÄÈÏÖª½çÏß¡£
±¾´Î̽Ë÷£¬²»µ«½öÊÇËÀ°åµÄ¿ÆÑ§ÖªÊ¶¶ÑÆö£¬¸üÊÇÒ»´ÎÊÓ¾õÓëÖǻ۵ÄË«ÖØÏíÊÜ¡£ÎÒÃǽ«ÓÃÉú¶¯ÓÐȤµÄÓïÑÔ£¬ÍŽáϸÄåµÄͼƬºÍ¿ÉÄܵÄÊÓÆµ×ÊÁÏ£¬½«ÄÇÐ©ÖØ´óµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬±äµÃÇåÎúÒ×¶®¡£ÎÒÃÇ»á´Óºê¹ÛµÄ¾§ÌåÐÎ̬£¬µ½?΢¹ÛµÄÔ×ÓÅÅÁУ¬Ò»²½²½½Ò¿ª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÉñÃØÃæÉ´¡£ÎªÊ²Ã´ËüÃǻ᷺Æð³öÔÆÔÆÃÔÈ˵ÄÉ«²Ê£¿ÊÇʲôÑùµÄÁ¦Á¿ÔÚÖ§Åä×ÅÔ×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖÐÔÆÔÆ?׼ȷµØ?ÅÅÁУ¿ÕâЩÎÊÌâµÄÃÕµ×£¬½«Ïòµ¼ÎÒÃÇ×ß½øÒ»¸ö³äÂúÆæ¼£µÄ?΢¹ÛÌìÏ¡£
ÔÚËÕÖÝÕâ×ù¹ÅÀÏÓëÏÖ´ú²¢´æµÄ¶¼»á£¬ÎÒÃÇÆÚ´ý?ÓëÄãһͬ¿ªÆôÕⳡ¹ØÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ̽Ë÷¡£Õâ²»ÊÇÒ»´ÎͨË×µÄÂÃÐУ¬¶øÊÇÒ»´Î·¢Ã÷ÃÀµÄÂọ́¬Ò»´ÎÃ÷È·¿ÆÑ§µÄÂọ́¬¸üÊÇÒ»´Î´¥ÅöÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜÐÔµÄÂó̡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇÒ»Æð£¬ÔÚ·ÛÉ«µÄ¹âÔÎÖУ¬¸ÐÊܾ§ÌåÌìÏÂµÄÆæÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£
ÔÚÉÏÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ªÆôÁ˶ÔËÕÖÝ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÆæ»ÃÖ®Âã¬ÆðÔ´Ã÷È·ÁËËüÃǵÄ÷ÈÁ¦Óë¶àÑùÐÔ¡£ÏÖÔÚ£¬ÈÃÎÒÃǸüÉîÈëµØ?Ò»²½£¬Ì½Ñ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå±³ºóÒþ²ØµÄ¿ÆÑ§ÔÀí¡ª¡ªËüÃÇÄÇÆæÒì¶ø¾«ÃîµÄ?¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÒÔ¼°¸¶ÓëËüÃÇÃÔÈËÉ«²ÊµÄ¿ÆÑ§Ú¹ÊÍ¡£
ÎÒÃdz£ËµµÄ¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬¾ÍºÃ±ÈÊÇ×é³É¾§ÌåÎïÖʵġ°ÐÞ½¨À¶Í¼¡±¡£ËüÐÎòÁ˾§ÌåÄÚ²¿µÄÔ×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÊÇÔõÑùÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒԸ߶ÈÓÐÐò¡¢Öظ´µÄ·½·¨ÅÅÁеġ£ÕâÖÖÅÅÁз½·¨¾öÒéÁ˾§ÌåµÄ»ù±¾µ¥Î»¡ª¡ª¡°¾§°û¡±µÄ¾ÞϸºÍÐÎ×´£¬ÒÔ¼°Ô×ÓÔÚ¾§°ûÄÚµÄÏêϸλÖá£
¾§¸ñ(Lattice)£ºÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÎÞÏÞÖØ¸´µÄµã×é³ÉµÄ¼¸ºÎ½á¹¹£¬ÓÃÀ´ÌåÏÖÔ×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеÄÅÅÁмÍÂÉ¡£¾§´ø(Basis)£ºÖ¸µÄÊÇÔÚ¾§¸ñµÄÿһ¸öµãÉÏËùÅþÁ¬µÄÔ×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×Ó»ùÍÅ¡£¾§Ìå½á¹¹(CrystalStructure)£ºÓɾ§¸ñºÍ¾§´øÅäºÏ×é³É£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÔ×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеÄÏÖʵÂþÑÜ¡£
¾§Ìå½á¹¹Ç§×˰Ù̬£¬µ«Æ¾Ö¤Æä¶Ô³ÆÐÔ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¹éÄÉΪÆß´ó¾§Ïµ£¨ÈçÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ¡¢ËÄ·½¾§Ïµ¡¢Áù·½¾§ÏµµÈ£©ºÍÊ®ËÄÖÖ²¼Àά¾§¸ñ¡£²î±ðµÄ¾§ÏµºÍ¾§¸ñ£¬Òâζ×ÅÔ×ÓÅÅÁеķ½·¨½ØÈ»²»?ͬ£¬ÓÉ´ËÒ²»á±¬·¢½ØÈ»²î±ðµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔ×Ó¡£ÀýÈ磬×êʯÊôÓÚÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ£¬Ì¼Ô×ÓÒÔÕýÖÜΧÌåµÄ·½·¨ÅþÁ¬£¬Ðγɼ«Æä¼áÓ²µÄ½á¹¹£»¶øÊ¯Ä«£¬Í¬ÑùÊÇÌ¼ÔªËØ£¬µ«Ô×Ó³ÊÁù±ßÐβã×´ÅÅÁУ¬Ê¹µÃʯīºÜÊÇÈáÈí£¬Äܹ»×÷ΪÈ󻬼Á¡£
¹ØÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¶øÑÔ£¬ËüÃǵġ°¹Ç¼Ü¡±¡ª¡ªÒ²¾ÍÊÇ»ù´¡µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¿ÉÄܶàÖÖ¶àÑù¡£ÀýÈ磺
Ñõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺Ðí¶àÖ÷ÒªµÄ?·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÊôÓÚÑõ»¯Îï¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ¼â¾§Ê¯£¨Spinel£©½á¹¹£¨Í¨Ê½ÎªAB?O?£©µÄ¾§Ì壬ÈôÊÇAλ»òBλÀë×ÓǡǡÊÇÄÜ·ºÆð·ÛÉ«µÄ½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒÆä¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÔÊÐíÕâÑùµÄÀë×Ó±£´æ£¬¾Í¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£×ÔÈ»µÄºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©ºÍ·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯¾ÍÊôÓÚ´ËÀà¡£
ËüÃǵĸÕÓñ½á¹¹ºÍ¼â¾§Ê¯½á¹¹£¬ÌṩÁËÎȹ̵ÄÔ×ÓÅÅÁÐÆ½Ì¨¡£¹èËáÑξ§Ì壺ºÃ±ÈÇ°ÃæÌáµ½µÄǾޱʯӢ£¬ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖʯӢ£¨SiO?£©µÄ±äÖÖ¡£Ê¯Ó¢×Ô¼ºÊǾßÓÐÎȹÌÈý·½¾§ÏµµÄ¶þÑõ»¯¹è£¬¶øÇ¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢µÄ·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÀ´×Ô¼òÆÓµÄÔÓÖÊ£¬¶øÊÇÓë½á¹¹ÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÌú£¨Fe£©»òÆäËû¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°½á¹¹È±ÏÝÓйأ¬ÕâЩÒòËØÓ°ÏìÁËÆä¶Ô¹âµÄÎüÊÕ¡£
·ÇÑõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺·ú»¯Îï¡¢Á×ËáÑεÈÒ²¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬²ôÔÓÁËijЩϡÍÁÔªËØµÄ·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÓÃÓÚ¹âѧÆ÷¼þ¡£
Ã÷È·ÕâЩ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¾ÍÏñÊÇÔÚÔĶÁÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÎïÖÊÌìÏÂÅÅÁйæÔòµÄ˽Óï¡£ÔÚËÕÖݵÄʵÑéÊÒÀ¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇʹÓÃXÉäÏßÑÜÉ䣨XRD£©¡¢Í¸Éäµç×ÓÏÔ΢¾µ£¨TEM£©µÈÏȽøÊÖÒÕ£¬×¼È·µØ?ÆÊÎöÕâЩ¾§ÌåµÄÈýάÔ×ÓÅÅÁУ¬ÓÌÈçÃè»æ³öÒ»·ù·ùϸÄåµÄ·Ö×Ó¡°µØÍ¼¡±£¬Õ¹ÏÖÁËÈ´¹¹ÓëÐÔÄÜÖ®¼äµÄÄÚÔÚÁªÏµ¡£
¾§Ìå½á¹¹Îª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÌṩÁË¡°Îę̀¡±£¬¶øÑÕÉ«ÔòÊÇÕⳡ¡°Ñݳö¡±µÄÖ÷½Ç¡£·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÒ»ÖÖµ¥?Ò»µÄÎïÀíÕ÷Ï󣬶øÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÓë¿É¼û¹âÏ໥×÷ÓõÄЧ¹û¡£ÆäÏÔÉ«»úÖÆÖ÷Òª¿ÉÒÔ¹é½áΪÒÔϼ¸Àࣺ
¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄd-dԾǨ(d-dTransitions)£ºÕâÊÇ×î³£¼ûµÄÏÔÉ«»úÖÆÖ®Ò»£¬Ò²ÊÇÐí¶à·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå·ºÆðÑÕÉ«µÄ?Ö÷ÒªÔµ¹ÊÔÓÉ¡£Ðí¶à¹ý¶É½ðÊôÔªËØ£¨ÈçÌú¡¢ÃÌ¡¢îÜ¡¢Äø¡¢ÍµÈ£©µÄÔ×Ó£¬ÆäÍâ²ãµç×Ó¹ìµÀ£¨d¹ìµÀ£©Î´±»ÍêÈ«ÌîÂú¡£µ±ÕâЩÔ×ÓÒÔÀë×ÓÐÎʽ±£´æÓÚ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖÐʱ£¬ËüÃÇÊܵ½ÖÜΧÅäλÀë×Ó£¨Í¨³£ÊÇÑõÀë×Ó£©µÄµç³¡Ó°Ï죬d¹ìµÀ»á±¬·¢ÆÆËé¡£
µ±Ìض¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âÕÕÉäµ½¾§ÌåÉÏʱ£¬ÕâЩµç×Ó¿ÉÒÔÎüÊÕ¹âÄÜ£¬´Ó½ÏµÍÄܼ¶µÄd¹ìµÀԾǨµ½½Ï¸ßÄܼ¶µÄd¹ìµÀ¡£¾§ÌåÎüÊÕÁËÌØ¶¨ÑÕÉ«µÄ¹â£¬ÄÇô͸Éä¹â»ò·´Éä¹â¾Í»á·ºÆð³öÆä²¹É«£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄÑÕÉ«¡£ÀýÈ磺Ðí¶à·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯£¬Èç·ÛÉ«±Ìçô£¨Tourmaline£©ÖеÄÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯ÖеÄîÜ£¨Co£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°×ÔÈ»ºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©Öеĸõ£¨Cr£©Àë×Ó£¨ËäÈ»Cr??Ö÷Òª²ú?ÉúºìÉ«£¬µ«Å¨¶ÈºÍ»ùÖʲî±ðÒ²¿ÉÄÜ·ºÆð·ÛÉ«£©£¬ËüÃǶ¼ÊÇͨ¹ýd-dԾǨÀ´·ºÆðÑÕÉ«µÄ¡£
Åäλ³¡µÄЧӦ(LigandFieldEffect)£º×ÝÈ»ÊÇͳһÖÖÔªËØ£¬ÔÚ²»?ͬµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖУ¬ÆäÅäλÇéÐΣ¨¼´ÖÜΧµÄÔ×Ó»òÀë×ÓµÄÅÅÁз½·¨ºÍÖÖÀࣩ²î±ð£¬d¹ìµÀµÄ?Äܼ¶ÆÆËéˮƽҲ»á²î±ð£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂÎüÊÕ¹âÆ×µÄת±ä£¬ÑÕɫҲ»áËæÖ®¸Ä±ä¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇΪʲôÓÐʱ¼ä£¬Í³Ò»ÖÖÔªËØÐγɵľ§Ì壬ÔÚÒ»ÖֽṹÖÐÊÇ·ÛÉ«£¬¶øÔÚÁíÒ»ÖֽṹÖпÉÄÜÊÇÀ¶É«»òÂÌÉ«¡£
ÔÓÖÊȱÏݵ¼ÖµÄÑÕÉ«(ImpurityandDefectColoration)£ºÓÐʱ¼ä£¬²¢·ÇÖ÷ÌåÔªËØ·¢É«£¬¶øÊǾ§ÌåÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÔÓÖÊÔ×Ó£¬»òÕß¾§¸ñ×Ô¼º±£´æµÄ¿Õλ¡¢¼ä϶Ô×ÓµÈȱÏÝ£¬Í¨¹ýÎüÊÕÌØ¶¨²¨³¤µÄ¹âÀ´±¬·¢ÑÕÉ«¡£ÀýÈ磺ǾޱʯӢµÄ·ÛÉ«£¬±»ÒÔΪÓë΢Á¿µÄîÑ£¨Ti£©¡¢Ìú£¨Fe£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×ÓÈ¡´úÁ˲¿·ÖSi??£¬»òÕ߽ṹÖеÄϸС½ðºìʯ£¨TiO?£©»òµçÆøÊ¯£¨Tourmaline£©¾§ÌåµÄ±£´æÓйء£
ÕâЩϸСµÄ½á¹¹²î±ð»òÔÓÖÊ£¬¸Ä±äÁËʯӢ¶Ô¹âµÄ?ÎüÊÕÌØÕ÷¡£ÆäËû·¢É«»úÖÆ£ºÉÙÊýÇéÐÎÏ£¬ÑÕÉ«»¹¿ÉÄÜÔ´ÓÚµçºÉ×ªÒÆ£¨ChargeTransfer£©¡¢FÉ«ÐÄ£¨F-center£¬¼´ÒõÀë×Ó¿Õλ²¶»ñµç×Ó£©µÈ»úÖÆ¡£
ÔÚËÕÖݵĿÆÑÐÇéÐÎÖУ¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃDz»µ«¹Ø×¢ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ½á¹¹£¬¸üÖÂÁ¦ÓÚͨ¹ý׼ȷµÄºÏ³ÉÊֶΣ¬µ÷¿ØÕâЩÏÔÉ«»úÖÆ¡£Í¨¹ý¸Ä±ä²ôÔÓÀë×ÓµÄÖÖÀàºÍŨ¶È¡¢ÓÅ»¯¾§ÌåÉú³¤ÇéÐΣ¨Î¶ȡ¢Ñ¹Á¦¡¢Æø·ÕµÈ£©£¬ËûÃÇÄܹ»¡°¶¨ÖÆ¡±³öËùÐèÑÕÉ«µÄ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬²¢¸¶ÓëÆäÌØ¶¨µÄÎïÀíÐÔÄÜ¡£ÀýÈ磬Ñо¿Ö°Ô±¿ÉÄÜ»áʵÑéºÏ³É¾ßÓÐÌØ¶¨·¢¹âÌØÕ÷µÄ·Ûɫӫ¹â·Û£¬ÓÃÓÚLEDÕÕÃ÷»òÏÔʾÊÖÒÕ£»»òÕß¿ª·¢¾ßÓÐÓÅÒì·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧÐÔÄܵķÛÉ«¾§Ì壬ÓÃÓÚ¼¤¹âÊÖÒÕ¡£
ËÕÖݵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå̽Ë÷£¬ÕýÊÇÔÚ¿ÆÑ§ÔÀíµÄÖ§³ÖÏ£¬¶ÔÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ×·Çó¡£Ëü²»?½ö½öÊÇÃ÷È·Ô×ÓÔõÑùÅÅÁУ¬»òÊǵç×ÓÔõÑùԾǨµÄÎïÀíÀú³Ì£¬¸üÊǶÔ×ÔÈ»½çºÍÈËÀàÖǻ۴´ÔìÁ¦µÄÔÞ̾¡£´Ó¹ÅÀϵı¦Ê¯´«Ëµ£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄ¹¦Ð§ÖÊÁÏ£¬·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÒÔÆäÆæÒìµÄÉ«²ÊºÍ½á¹¹£¬ÅþÁ¬ÁË¿ÆÑ§ÓëÒÕÊõ¡¢ÒÑÍùÓëδÀ´¡£
ÖÊÁÏÉè¼ÆµÄÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜ£ºÏàʶÁËÈ´¹¹ÓëÑÕÉ«µÄ¹ØÏµ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÄܸüºÃµØÉè¼ÆºÍºÏ³É?¾ßÓÐÌØ¶¨¹âѧ¡¢µçѧ¡¢´ÅѧµÈÐÔÄܵÄÐÂÐÍÖÊÁÏ¡£×ÔȻ֮ÃÀµÄ¿ÆÑ§½â¶Á£ºÄÇЩÁîÈËÔÞ̾µÄ×ÔÈ»·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä±³ºóµÄ¿ÆÑ§ÔÀí£¬×Ô¼º¾ÍÊÇÒ»ÖÖ±ðÑùµÄÃÀ¡£¿Æ¼¼Á¢ÒìµÄÇý¶¯Á¦£º¶ÔÕâЩ΢¹ÛÌìϵÄ̽Ë÷£¬ÕýÒ»Ö±ÍÆ¶¯×Ű뵼Ìå¡¢¹âѧ¡¢ÄÜÔ´µÈ?ÁìÓòµÄǰ½ø£¬ÎªÎÒÃǵÄÉúÑÄ´øÀ´¸ü¶àÉ«²ÊÓë¿ÉÄÜ¡£
Òò´Ë£¬µ±ÄãÔÚËÕÖݵÄij¸ö½ÇÂ䣬¿´µ½?ÄÇĨÁîÈËÐ͝µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏßʱ£¬Çëפ×ãÆ¬ÉΡ£ÄãËù¼ûµÄ£¬²»µ«½öÊÇÒ»¿éƯÁÁµÄʯͷ»òÊÇÒ»¼þϸÄåµÄÆ÷Î¶øÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÔ×Ó¡¢µç×ÓºÍÄÜÁ¿×é³ÉµÄ£¬³äÂúÖÈÐòÓë»îÁ¦µÄ΢¹ÛÓîÖæµÄËõÓ°£¬ÊÇËÕÖÝÕâ×ù¶¼»á£¬ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§ÓëÃÀѧÁìÓò£¬ÎªÄãÈ«ÐÄ·ºÆðµÄÒ»·Ýèè²Ãյס£